2020年以来，新冠疫情来势凶猛，与大部分行业一样，全球丝绸产业及消费市场遭受严重打击。但疫情也同时加快了“宅时代”和“云时代”的到来，营销渠道和消费格局正在发生改变。为全面了解疫情对世界丝绸产业及消费市场的影响，研判未来丝绸产业及消费走势，为企业应对变革提供建议和参考，国际丝绸联盟发起新冠疫情对世界丝绸产业及消费市场走势调研。
The COVID-19 has been fierce since early 2020, like most industries, the world silk industry and consumer market have been severely hit. And the epidemic has also accelerated the arrival of the “House Times” and “Cloud Times”, the marketing channels and consumption patterns is changing. In order to fully understand the impact of COVID-19 on the world silk industry and consumer market, study the future trends of the silk industry and consumption, and provide suggestions and references for companies to respond the changes, International Silk Union launched the research of Impact of COVID-19 on World Silk Industry and Consumer Market Trends.
ISU summarized surveys from Italy, Japan, Brazil, India, Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Indonesia and other countries and regions to understand the impact of the COVID-19 on the world silk industry.
During the survey, we collected opinions and reviews from experts and scholars from silk enterprises and scientific research units in various countries. Some reviews are as follows.
新冠肺炎对世界丝绸产业的影响
您认为此次新冠疫情会给世界丝绸产业和消费市场带来哪些变革？企业在恢复生产和增加销售方面应该如何努力？政府和行业协会应在哪些方面加强保障和提供帮助？您认为丝绸企业应该在哪些方面加强应对措施？
What changes do you think the COVID-19 will bring to the world silk industry and consumer market? What companies should do to resume production and increase sales? What governments and industry associations should do to strengthen the safeguards and provide support? What measures the companies should strengthen to response the epidemic?
部分专家观点与意见
Some experts review
巴西成员单位
COVID-19 is decreasing the speed of production and consumption of all industries and all over the world. This sudden decrease will create the environment to enhance the concept of Circular Economy that enables economic growth detached from consumption of natural resources. On fashion the necessity of sustainability was pointing out to the necessity of consumption decrease on medium and long term and big retailers such as H&M and Zara were adapting themselves to it. COVID-19 will make it necessary that this changes would happen in short term. Silk industry has lots to contribute with Circular Economy and it would be great to have silk as a protagonist of a “post COVID-19 sustainable fashion concept” where products are designed, produced and used to last longer.
新冠肺炎正在降低全球所有行业的生产和消费速度。这种突然的下降将为加强循环经济概念创造环境，使循环经济脱离自然资源消耗。在时尚方面，可持续性的必要性指出了中长期减少消费的必要性，H＆M和Zara等大型零售商正在适应这一趋势。疫情让我们认识到有必要在短期内进行改变。丝绸业可以为循环经济做出很多贡献，将丝绸作为“后新冠肺炎可持续时尚理念”的主角是一件很棒的事情，丝绸产品的设计、生产和使用时间将持续更久。
Kailpar Engineering Co., Ltd. （印度）
As per current global situation it’s tough & wait for virus settled & demand picks up. If prices goes down too much then demand will not be there but industry peoples loose more. We had seen same recently. So I feel price stability is more important now which is a tough subject. Silk industry research of different category of fabric is going down day by day due to poor margins. If research people concentrate on silk blended fabric with some innovation of color observance more as in polyester fabrics or something price affordability to add middle class customers to use it then demand should be created.
根据目前的全球形势，很难等待病毒稳定下来，需求回升。如果价格下跌太多，那么需求就不会太大，业内人士会更加松散。我们最近已经看到这样的形势了。因此，我认为价格稳定更为重要，虽然这是一个难题。由于利润率低，不同丝绸面料品种的开发研究正在日趋减少。如果研究人员更多地关注丝绸混纺，如丝与涤纶或者其它价格合理的纤维混纺时染色工艺的协调，从而增加中产阶级客户，那么就能够创造需求。
Karnatak University （印度）
As COVID-19 has transformed into a global pandemic, safety of individuals working in the field has become primary concern. As sericulture is a labour intensive industry which involves human intervention in each step of silk production to processing and sales. In my opinion safety precauations and educating the workers in industries about the virus infection is most essential.
The government should support the industries by providing tax benefits to cope up with the decreased production
The companies should show compassion and strengthen and support the workers and ensure them safe environment for working in silk industries.
随着新冠肺炎变成全球性大流行，丝绸领域内工作人员的安全已成为首要问题。由于蚕桑业是一个劳动密集型产业，在丝绸生产加工到销售的每一步都涉及人工参与。我认为，安全预防措施和对工人进行病毒感染的教育是最重要的。
政府应通过提供税收优惠来支持行业，以应对产量下降。
公司应心系员工，加强和确保他们工作环境的安全性。
Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi （泰国）
The crisis of COVID-19 has widely and hardly impacted to national and world economy. The economic of many nations have turn downward sharply, which made people cut down the spending for luxury goods. Silk and silk products are among the luxury goods that consumers would definitely postponed their purchase.
To increase the sale of silk products during this crisis would be toward medical care products.
The government could support the industry by reduce tax and vat for the whole pipeline of the silk productions.
During this epidemic, companies should slow down the production of luxury product and turn to focus on research and development of silk for healthcare and medical use.
新冠肺炎已对国家和世界经济产生了严重影响。许多国家的经济急剧下滑，这使人们减少了奢侈品消费。丝绸和丝绸产品是消费者肯定会推迟购买的奢侈品之一。
在此危机期间要增加丝绸产品的销售应将转向医疗产品。
政府可以通过减少整个丝绸生产过程中的税收和增值税来支持该行业。
疫情期间，公司应放慢奢侈品的生产，而转向专注于保健和医疗用途的丝绸研发。
越南蚕桑协会
In order to help the companies and the workers, the Government of Vietnam worked out many policies to support:
1. Delay/postponed land rentals, VAT tax. 2. Loan with low rate and extend the due date of loan. 3. 3 months basic salary for who no work because of Covid-19.
In sericulture, the seriously impacted on farmers and companies:
1. Cocoon prices drop 50% compared with before Covid-19. 2. Cocoons can not be exported
越南蚕桑协会提供信息：为了帮助企业和工人，越南政府制定了许多政策来支持：
1. 延迟/推迟土地租金、增值税；2. 低利率贷款并延长贷款还款日；3. 为因Covid-19而无法工作的人员发放3个月的基本工资。
蚕桑业中，对农民和企业的严重影响：
1. 茧价格比Covid-19之前下跌了50％；
2. 茧不能出口。
会安丝绸村（越南）
Changes: Customer's consumptions will go down due to their financial affect during the epidemic. The supply chain is broken due to many countries being affected, they stop export/import process. During the quarantine period, human resource is stopped, the whole process is on pending state.
Company does: Focus on customer basic needs, what they really need after the epiedmic would be over, since customer start to save money, it will take time for customer financial recovery.
Price - reasonable price.
疫情导致的现状：疫情期间，由于客户经济受到影响，其消费量将下降。许多国家受到疫情影响，企业供应链中断，停止了进出口活动。在隔离期间，人类资源被迫停止，整个过程处于待处理状态。
公司应该做什么：关注客户的基本需求，疫情结束后他们真正需要的东西将会上升。目前，消费者注重省钱，因此需要一段时间来恢复客户的消费。
合理的价格。
圣淘沙丝绸 （柬埔寨）
At the moment, people will prioritize about their life and spend money to save their life. What we need to produce at this point is something to increase the immune system, germs repellant products, and suits to protect the users from germs. At this point, no one wants to leave the house…therefore maybe fashionable indoor dresses will be fine. Create a fashion face mask that goes with the dress, and etc., Market silk as germs repellant.
目前，人们将优先考虑自己的生活，并将钱花在维持生活上。此时，我们需要生产的产品是可以增强免疫系统并能够防菌，保护使用者免受细菌侵害。疫情期间，没有人想离开家...因此，也许时髦的室内衣服会很好。 设计与衣服搭配的时尚口罩等，将市面上的蚕丝作为防菌产品。
Lao Sericulture ( 老挝)
In case of Mulberries our main customer is touristor who visiting Laos. in this situation not many forigner comming to visit Laos selling consumption dropep a lot. We now try to promote online market For the government side, it would be great if the goverment cound have some promotion subsidies for domestic market and oversea online market or tax reduction.
我们的主要客户是来老挝旅游的游客，在疫情蔓延的情况下，没有太多外国游客前来旅游，老挝消费品大幅下降。现在，我们尝试推广在线市场。对于政府而言，如果政府对国内市场和海外线上市场提供一定的推广补贴和减税，那就太好了。
群岛天然丝绸有限公司 （印度尼西亚）
The sericulture in Indonesia has just started. Due to the large area of mulberry trees planted and the fertile land in Indonesia, it will surely become the largest production base of sericulture and raw silk in Southeast Asia. At present, we are in the development stage, only a small amount of silk cocoons are produced, and there are not related to production and sales. Facing COVID-19, our development slowed down. If we can plant mulberry trees and raise silkworms as scheduled, there will be better development. Currently it can only be determined based on the Chinese market.
印尼的桑蚕业刚刚起步，由于印尼栽种桑树面积大，土地肥沃，必将成为东南亚最大的蚕桑、白厂丝的生产基地。目前，我们处于开发期，只有少量生产丝茧，没有涉及生产销售方面的问题，只是疫情面前，使我们的开发速度放缓，如我们能如期栽种桑树，养蚕，就会有较好的开发。目前也要根据中国市场来确定。
Q
您的身份是
What is your identity
Q
为应对疫情，您所在国家和城市为丝绸企业提供了哪些支持
In response to the COVID-19, what support has your country and city provided for silk enterprises
**圆环图反馈的“其他”问题中，来自巴西、印度、泰国、老挝的多位专家表示截止提交问卷前，当地政府没有提供相关支持。
Concerning the answer “other”, we find that many experts from Brazil, India, Thailand, and Laos stated that the local government did not provide relevant support before the submission of the questionnaire.
Q
为应对疫情，您认为哪些措施是丝绸企业的当务之急
In response to the COVID-19, what measures do you think are the top priorities for silk enterprises
**圆环图反馈的“其他”问题中，多位专家表示丝价稳定、减少产量是当务之急。
Concerning the answer “other” , we find that some experts expressed that the price stability and production reduce are the top priorities for silk enterprises.
Q
您认为丝绸行业未来发展中，应积极吸收并采用以下哪些新技术
In the future development of the silk industry, which of the following new technologies should actively absorb and adopt
企业/单位基本信息
Q
经营范围
Business scope
**由于科研机构、行业协会等单位不涉及企业生产贸易，未对此题做答复，在圆环图中显示为“空”。以下圆环图中意思相同。
"空" in the diagram means that some scientific research institutions, industry associations and units are not involved in production and trade, and have not answered this question. It also has the same meaning in the following diagram.
Q
企业规模
Enterprise scale
Q
2019年企业年营业收入(美元)
Annual operating income in 2019 (USD)
Q
企业主要经销模式
Enterprise' main distribution model
新冠肺炎对企业的影响
Q
截至目前，企业开工情况
Up to now, the situation of business start-up
Q
企业订单/服务主要地区
Enterprise orders source or the major services regions
Q
因此次疫情，企业预计2020年生产或经营损失
Enterprise’s expected lose to lose production or operations in 2020 because of COVID-19
Q
企业目前的主要困难
Enterprise's current major difficulties
Q
企业预测2020年一季度订单量与上年同期相比
Enterprise's predict on the order volume in the first quarter of 2020 compared with the same period of the previous year
Q
企业预测2020年营业收入比上年
Enterprise's predict on operating income in 2020 compared to the previous year
调研结论
在国际丝绸联盟各丝绸生产和消费国行业协会、组织、企业的支持和参与下，本次调研获得了新冠疫情影响下意大利、日本、巴西、印度、泰国、越南、柬埔寨、老挝、印度尼西亚等9个主要丝绸国的生产/消费数据、现状与观点，参与的企业包括面料生产、印染加工和制成品等，综合问卷数据和专家观点，主要有如下结论：
With the support and participation of the industry associations, organizations, and companies, the survey conducted by ISU has collected the production and consumption data, the current situation and main views from nine silk countries including Italy, Japan, Brazil, India, Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Indonesia. The companies involve in fabrics production, printing and dyeing, and finished products production, etc. Based on the questionnaire data and expert opinions, the main conclusions are as follows:
1、生产经营情况：目前，全球疫情高峰还尚未出现，与大多数行业一样，从生产到贸易，国际丝绸行业都遭受了严重影响，线下消费基本处于冰冻状态，行业与企业处于或大或小的各种焦虑之中，一半的受访者认为2020年生产或经营损失将在30%以下，这是大环境所导致。
Production and operation situation: At present, the global epidemic peak has not yet appeared. Like most industries, the international silk industry has suffered severe impacts from production to trade, offline consumption is basically frozen, the industry and enterprises were in various anxieties large or small, half of the respondents believe that production and operating losses will be less than 30% by 2020, which is caused by the general environment.
2、面临困难与应对举措：面对疫情冲击，40%的企业存在资金周转困难。当前，各国政策支持多体现在税收和贷款两个方面。在疫情结束时间尚未明朗之前，丝绸企业应充分利用当前政策支持，积极申请低息贷款，减少对外投资，优化企业内部结构，合理控制生产成本与支出，避免资金周转困难或资金链断裂。
Difficulties and countermeasures: Facing the impact of epidemic, 40% of enterprises have difficulty in capital turnover. At present, the main policy support of various countries is the taxation and loans. The end of the epidemic still unclear, silk enterprises should make full use of the current policy support, actively apply for low-interest loans, reduce foreign investment, optimize the internal structure of the enterprise, rationally control production costs and expenditures, and avoid difficult capital turnover or broken capital chains.
3、转型与发展建议：丝绸是传统行业，丝绸产品也并非生活必需品，属于提高生活品质的享受型消费，70%的受访者表示市场需求明显下降。疫情之后，如何振兴市场需求是行业需要共同探讨的热点问题。专家建议有如下几个观点：
Transformation and development suggestions: Silk is a traditional industry, and silk products are not necessities of life. Silk belong to enjoyable consumption that improves the quality of life. 70% of the respondents said that market demand has declined significantly. After the epidemic, how to revitalize market demand is a hot issue that the industry needs to discuss together. Expert recommendations are as follows:
1）产品方面：提升产品质量、加强创新和研发。如改善丝绸性能与品质，研发医疗防护、健康卫生的丝绸产品等；
2）生产方面：打造数字化工厂，实现供应链上下游快速响应，减少库存；
3）贸易方面：建立长期稳定的外贸合作伙伴，扩展合作领域，增强抗风险能力；
4）销售方面：依托互联网，充分利用丝绸的可持续时尚理念，探索“互联网+传统产业”路径。
1) In terms of products: Improve products quality, strengthen innovation, research and development. Such as improving silk performance and quality, developing medical protection and health silk products;
2) In terms of production: Build a digital factory to achieve rapid response in the upstream and downstream of the supply chain and reduce inventory;
3) In terms of trade: Establish long-term and stable foreign trade partners, expand cooperation areas, and enhance anti-risk capabilities;
4) In terms of sales: Relying on the Internet, make full use of the sustainable fashion concept of silk, and explore the path of "Internet + traditional industries".
丝绸，素有“纤维皇后”之美誉，在纺织行业中占有重要地位。面对疫情的冲击，我们应该树立自信心，政府、协会和企业抱团发展，视疫情为转机，对内自我完善，对外力求平稳，相信可以共克艰难，迎来曙光。
Silk, known as the "Queen of Fibers", occupies an important position in the textile industry. Facing the impact of epidemic, we should build self-confidence, governments, associations and enterprises hold together for development, and we should regard the epidemic as a turning point, improve ourselves internally, and strive for stability externally. We believe that we can overcome the difficulties together and usher in the dawn.
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